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Liver Disease

Liver Disease

Liver disease is any disorder of the liver that impairs its normal function and can range from minor infection or scarring to serious conditions such as liver cancer. More than 100 types of liver disease have been identified.

Colorectal Diseases

Colorectal Diseases

Colorectal diseases refer to several conditions of the colon and rectum that can directly impact its functionality, the severity of which can differ from mildly irritating to potentially life-threatening.

Hepatitis

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver tissue. The liver is situated in the upper right portion of your abdomen and performs some of the body’s vital functions

Hepatobiliary Disease

Hepatobiliary Disease

Hepatobiliary disease is any disorder of the hepatobiliary system that impairs its normal function. The disease can range from minor infection or scarring to serious conditions such as cancer. The organs of the hepatobiliary system are the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts.

Gallstones

Gallstones

The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ located on the right side of the abdomen, just below the liver. It stores bile fluid which is produced in the liver. Bile fluid contains water, proteins, fats, cholesterol, bile salts, and bile pigments, which aid in the digestion of food.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where the stomach acid leaks into your food pipe (esophagus) causing a burning sensation in your chest and other associated symptoms.

Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal Cancer

Cancer is the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. Colorectal cancer (bowel cancer) occurs in the colon or the rectum, the major parts of the large intestine that function to store and expel waste products of digested food. Most colorectal cancer begins as a mass of abnormal cells called a polyp.

Colon Cancer

Colon Cancer

Colon cancer is the growth of rapidly dividing cells in the large intestine. Cancer of the colon develops from polyps, the small and non-cancerous growths of tissues. Colon cancer usually begins in glands lining the colon and rectum. Colon cancer initially begins as a non-cancerous tumor and gradually develops into cancer which spreads to other tissues.

Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. In ulcerative colitis, inflammation occurs in the innermost lining of the large intestine (colon) and rectum and can cause the development of sores or ulcers.

Colitis

Colitis

Colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. In Colitis, inflammation occurs in the innermost lining of the large intestine (colon) and rectum and can cause the development of sores or ulcers.

Colon and Rectum Polyps

Colon and Rectum Polyps

Polyps are abnormal growths at the inner lining of any region of the colon or rectum. Polyps sometimes develop stalks for attachment to the colon or rectum. They are commonly called colorectal polyps.

Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis

Cirrhosis is severe scarring of the liver and poor liver function due to excessive exposure to alcohol or due to a viral infection. According to the National Institute of Health (NIH), people who regularly consume alcohol for more than 10 years can develop cirrhosis.

Fatty Liver Disease

Fatty Liver Disease

Fatty liver disease is a condition caused by excess fat buildup in the liver cells. It is most common in middle-aged people. Fatty liver disease is also called hepatic steatosis.

Swallowing Disorders

Swallowing Disorders

Swallowing disorder, also known as dysphagia, is a difficulty in swallowing food or liquids. Swallowing is a set of coordinated muscle movements that control the mouth, the back of the throat (pharynx), and the food tube (esophagus).

Gastric Disease

Gastric Disease

Gastric disease refers to any disease that disrupts the normal functioning of the stomach. The stomach temporarily stores food, produces digestive enzymes, and protects the lower intestine from harmful microorganisms.

Indigestion

Indigestion

Indigestion also known as dyspepsia refers to gastrointestinal symptoms characterized by pain and discomfort in the upper part of the abdomen.

Liver Cancer

Liver Cancer

Cancer is the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. Liver cancer may begin as a mass of abnormal cells called a tumor. Benign tumors remain localized and do not spread to neighboring tissues.

Gastrointestinal Cancer

Gastrointestinal Cancer

Gastrointestinal cancer is cancer that affects the organs in the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, gallbladder, liver, small and large intestine, anus and rectum.

Upper Gastrointestinal Disease

Upper Gastrointestinal Disease

The gastrointestinal tract (GI) extends from the mouth to the anus. It is divided into upper and lower GI tracts. The upper gastrointestinal tract encompasses the mouth, esophagus, stomach and duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.

Coeliac Disease

Coeliac Disease

Coeliac disease is a condition characterized by inflammation of the lining of the small intestine due to an autoimmune reaction (body’s immune system mistakenly attacks own healthy tissues) against gluten, a protein found in foods such as oats, wheat, rye, and barley.

Gallbladder Disease

Gallbladder Disease

Gallbladder disease is an umbrella term for several conditions affecting the gallbladder. Inflammation of the gallbladder wall (cholecystitis) is responsible for a majority of the gallbladder diseases.

Gastric Cancer

Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer is cancer that develops from the cells of the inner layer of the stomach. Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. The accumulation of these extra cells forms a mass of tissue called a tumor.

Rectal Bleeding

Rectal Bleeding

Rectal bleeding refers to the passage of blood through the anus along with the stools. The rectum is the last part of the large intestine present just above the anus. Rectal bleeding is referred to as bright red to dark maroon colored blood passing along with stools through the anus.

Diverticular Disease

Diverticular Disease

The intestine is divided into the large and small intestines. The large intestine absorbs nutrients from the food that you eat and pushes the remaining undigested waste towards the anus. High fibrous foods like fruits and vegetables soften the undigested material and help in easy movement of stools.

Constipation

Constipation

Constipation is a condition where stools or bowel movements become hard and difficult to expel from the body. This can result in fewer and strained bowel movements. It usually occurs when excessive water is absorbed from the stool while inside the colon.

Bowel Incontinence

Bowel Incontinence

It is an inability of a person to control bowel movements resulting in leakage from the rectum. It is also called fecal incontinence. The chances of older individuals developing bowel incontinence are higher than young individuals. The degree of incontinence varies from minimum to complete loss of control.

Paraesophageal Hernia

Paraesophageal Hernia

A hiatal hernia is a condition in which part of the stomach pokes through the diaphragm and enters the chest cavity. The diaphragm is a muscular wall that normally separates the chest and abdominal cavities.

Proctalgia Fugax

Proctalgia Fugax

Proctalgia fugax is a condition characterized by sudden intense pain in the region around the anus which usually lasts for a few seconds. The pain is sporadic and can occur without warning. This condition is also known as functional recurrent anorectal pain.

Crohn's Disease

Crohn's Disease

Crohn's Disease is a condition characterized by sudden intense pain in the region around the anus which usually lasts for a few seconds. The pain is sporadic and can occur without warning. This condition is also known as functional recurrent anorectal pain.

Liver Masses

Liver Masses

Liver masses or lesions are a group of abnormal cells in your liver. They appear as a solid mass or nodules that can be differentiated from the normal liver tissue. The liver is one of the largest organs of the human body and is situated in the upper right portion of your abdomen.

Biliary Tract Cancer

Biliary Tract Cancer

Cancer is the uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. Biliary tract cancer arises anywhere in the biliary system, which comprises the liver, pancreas, bile ducts and gallbladder.

Portal Hypertension

Portal Hypertension

Portal hypertension refers to the increase in the pressure within the portal vein, which carries blood from your digestive organs to your liver. It is commonly caused due to scarring of the liver, also called, liver cirrhosis.

Eosinophilia and Eosinophil-Associated Gastrointestinal Disorders (EGIDs)

Eosinophilia and Eosinophil-Associated Gastrointestinal Disorders (EGIDs)

Eosinophilia is a chronic disorder ensuing from the extreme production of eosinophils, either in the blood or in body tissues. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that resists infections and plays a role in the body's immune response.

Belching and Bloating

Belching and Bloating

Belching is the act of expelling excess air from your stomach through the mouth. It is caused due to swallowing excess air while eating or drinking too fast, talking while eating, not chewing food properly, drinking carbonated beverages, chewing gum or sucking on hard candies, acid reflux (heartburn), stomach infection or stomach inflammation.

Hiatal Hernia

Hiatal Hernia

Hiatal hernia is a condition characterized by a protrusion of the upper part of the stomach through the diaphragm. The diaphragm is a muscular layer present between the abdominal cavity and the chest cavity and aids in breathing. It has an opening called the hiatus through which the esophagus or food pipe passes to reach the stomach.

Achalasia

Achalasia

Achalasia is a condition characterized by a protrusion of the upper part of the stomach through the diaphragm. The diaphragm is a muscular layer present between the abdominal cavity and the chest cavity and aids in breathing. It has an opening called the hiatus through which the esophagus or food pipe passes to reach the stomach.

Prevention of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Prevention of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases occur due to structural and functional abnormalities of the stomach and intestine. They can range from common digestive problems such as diarrhea, nausea and abdominal cramps to chronic disorders including Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, acid reflux, gallstones, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), colitis or cancer.

Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids may be external or internal. If they develop inside the rectum, they are called internal hemorrhoids. External hemorrhoids develop around the anus just below the skin. Some of the external hemorrhoids develop blood clots and are quite painful. They are called thrombosed hemorrhoids. Another type of piles is so large that they often protrude during defaecation. They are called prolapsing piles.

Pancreaticobiliary Disease

Pancreaticobiliary Disease

Pancreatobiliary diseases are disorders or abnormalities of the pancreas, bile ducts, or gallbladder. The different types of disorders that may occur in these structures include obstruction, leakage, tumors, and lesions resulting in a variety of gastrointestinal problems.

Esophageal Motility

Esophageal Motility Disorder

Esophageal motility refers to the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the muscles in the esophagus or food pipe to produce a wave-like motion that propels food and liquids from the mouth towards the stomach.

Choledocholithiasis

Choledocholithiasis

The gallbladder is a small organ below the liver that stores a fluid called bile, necessary for fat digestion. The bile duct carries bile from the gallbladder to the small intestine. Choledocholithiasis is the presence of gallstones in the bile duct, causing obstruction.

Esophageal Disease

Esophageal Disorders

Esophageal disorders are diseases or conditions that affect the structure and function of the esophagus, the muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach and serves to transport food and liquids from the oral cavity to the stomach. If left untreated, esophageal disorders can lead to malnutrition and other serious health complications.

  • American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
  • American College of Gastroenterology
  • American Gastroenterological Association
  • American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases